Solar energy is one of the most environmentally friendly energy sources, but what happens to photovoltaic panels at the end of their life? Disposal of photovoltaic panels is becoming an increasingly important topic in waste management, especially since the lifespan of PV modules is about 25-30 years. Due to the increasing number of used solar panels, it is necessary to develop effective methods for recycling and reusing valuable secondary raw materials.
How does recycling photovoltaic panels work?
The process of recycling photovoltaic panels begins with their disassembly and the selection of individual components. PV modules are mainly made of glass, aluminum, silicon, and plastics. Modern technology means that PV modules recover almost 95% of the glass, which allows it to be reused in the production of new panels.
After dismantling the frame and junction boxes, the photovoltaic cells are suitable for further processing, including high-temperature thermal treatment, which allows for the separation of remaining materials and their recycling. The remaining components are subjected to chemical processes that allow for the recovery of metals and other valuable raw materials.
How much does it cost to dispose of photovoltaic panels?
The cost of disposing of photovoltaic panels depends on several factors, such as the number of modules, their condition and the recycling method. In the case of photovoltaics, disposing of photovoltaics costs more if the modules require specialist processing or are significantly damaged. On average, disposing of one panel can cost from PLN 10 to PLN 30, while in the case of larger photovoltaic installations, the price per ton of panels ranges from PLN 500 to PLN 1,500.
The cost of disposing of photovoltaic panels should include the cost of transporting them to a specialized recycling unit. In waste management, photovoltaic panels are classified as large-sized waste, which also affects their disposal. Some manufacturers offer recycling programs that allow for partial coverage of the costs by the manufacturer.
Ecological ways of disposing of photovoltaic panels
The growing number of used modules makes it necessary to develop new, more effective recycling methods. Currently used ecological methods of disposing of panels include mechanical, chemical and thermal recycling. Thanks to this, metals, glass and silicon are recovered, which can be used in the production of new PV modules.
Monocrystalline panels produce electricity for many years, but their disposal requires an appropriate process to reduce the impact on the environment. High recycling efficiency and technological development make the disposal of photovoltaics more cost-effective and environmentally friendly. Thanks to this, solar energy remains not only an ecological source of energy, but also a more sustainable choice in the context of waste management.
